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The revolutionary leader who liberated Namibia

Wikdif Moya in Nairobi and Ferok Jensen in Windhoc

BBC News

grey placeholderNamibian President Sam Nogoma addresses a gathering in Windhoek in Windhoek to support his successor candidate chosen by Hifkepunye Pohamba November 13, 2004.AFP

Sam Nogoma directed a Namibia from a brutal colony to an independent nation

It was recorded as “the father of the nation” and the icon of the liberation conflict in Namibia, Sam Nogoma lived for these expectations in more than one way.

She smiled with wide warm and easy way that made him love and accessible.

Whether he is wearing a intermittent suit to join Windhoek’s Independence Avenue, or insisted on the return of his driver from the official messaging procession, he was aimed at being a man of people.

Now, four decades of the Namibia leadership through the bitter guerrilla war warfare against the Apartheid government in South Africa and on independence, Nogoma died 95.

He died on Saturday after he was hospitalized for three weeks due DeclareAdding that the death “shook” the country.

Fighting for freedom

The giant who formed the national identity of Namibia leaves a vacuum that a few can hope to fill it.

Namibia, which was previously called southwestern Africa, suffered decades of looting and colonial violence at the hands of Europeans who flocked to the country at the end of the twentieth century.

Starting in 1904, German colonists killed tens of thousands of Namibis in what was called the world “Mansion of genocide”. Black African German officers were used as Guinea jewelers for horrific crimes later repeated by the Nazis during the Holocaust.

Namibia was under German occupation from 1884 until 1915, when Germany lost its colony in World War I.

Then Namibia fell under the rule of white South Africa, whose racist laws extended to the country, and the Black Namibis deprived any political rights, as well as restricting social and economic freedoms.

The introduction of the sweeping apartheid legislation led to the outbreak of the war of guerrilla warfare in 1966.

By this stage, Nujoma has already participated in combating the base of white intelligence.

The “Great Son of the Female Family” from the northern village of Itonda was a modest start in life, with more than just a primary education.

Married to Kovobo Theopoldin Khatigimon, with whom he had four children, and works on a railway, a passion for a deep eagerness of politics and longing for seeing his people free of injustice and colonialism.

The inspiration came in the stories of the leaders of the first Namibi resistance, such as Hendrik and Whipboy, who fought against the Germans in the eighties of the nineteenth century.

By 1959, Nujoma became the head of Peoples Owamboland, the independence movement that was a pioneer in Swapo.

A year later, at the age of 30, Nujoma was forced to negate. With no passport, use a hateful to adopt different personalities and mix on his way to trains and aircraft – It ended in Zambia and Tanzania before heading to West Africa.

With the help of the Liberian authorities, who were supporters of the first of the black Namibian for independence, Nogoma flew to New York and expelled the United Nations to help grant Namibia independence – but South Africa refused.

Nujoma has been described as a “Marxist terrorist” by white leaders in South Africa of command forces who fought along with the Apartheid Control Movement, which is a huge challenge to repressive regimes in many South African countries.

With the support of the Cuban forces who were fighting in the neighboring Angola, the Swapo fighters managed to attack the bases of South Africa in Namibia.

After returning from exile, Nujoma was quickly reviewed by the South African authorities and was deported to Zambia after six years.

“We have known that military power and mass public mobilization supported by the people’s support would force South Africa outside Namibia,” Nogoma narrated in his CV, where others, which was published in 2001.

SWAPO forces led from exile, before returning to the country in 1989, a year after South Africa agreed to the independence of the Namibi.

South Africa became more isolated internationally and the cost of military intervention increased. Namibia recently gained independence in 1990, nearly 25 years of war.

Building

In the first democratic elections in Namibia in 1990, Swapo won a large majority and became Nujoma the first president in the country.

Nujoma was particularly interested in the ordeal of children, as he provided maintenance payments that obligated absent parents to contribute to the cost of lifting their offspring.

He also defended the progress of women, which helped change the traditional patriarchal practices that forced widows to get out of the family’s home once her husband dies.

It also seemed keen to maintain stability to ensure support for development efforts by international donors.

Nujoma was re -elected for two other periods in 1994 and 1999 – when he was criticized for changing the constitution so that he could stand for a third period in his position.

grey placeholderSwapo supporters sing in the party's rally, which was equivalent to Sam Nogoma, President of the Namibi and Swapo leader in Windhoek November 28, 1999. AFP

Nujoma was criticized when he changed the constitution to run for the presidency for the third time

When he criticized his governmental style or interrogated the political past of his party, a wide smile can turn. When adding a finger to those who dare to question or criticize the question, he may sometimes lose his insults and his insults.

He was publicly stumbled from the same sex, but he did not go further than changing the constitution or law to make it illegal.

Nujoma always appreciated his close friendship with Robert Mugabe from Zimbabwe, but as a Namibian president, he often moved away from the open aggression against those who did not agree with him.

But through the Swapo mechanism, he was happy with pressure on the average man to withdraw the party line and allow the party to delve into government treasures to ensure the continued judgment.

The Nujoma Cabinet has often dictated by decisions through a joint debate instead of reaching joint decisions, and this was its strength.

When he resigned from his position as president in 2005 and Swapo president in 2007 after he held the position of party leader for 47 years – he handed over power to his successor, Hifkepunye Pohamba.

Even after leaving his post, Nujoma is still exercising a great power over the party and the government behind the scenes.

However, his accomplishments cannot be done while taking office, as many Namibis praised him for the country’s smooth transition to democratic rule.

Since independence, Namibia has been seen as one of the success stories of Africa, with regular peaceful and democratic elections.

Despite the insults and injustice overlooking the black Namibians by the white colonists, Nujoma supported the country’s constitution in protecting the basic rights of all Namibis, whatever their race or color.

The national reconciliation policy encouraged the country’s white community to stay, and they are still playing a major role in agriculture and other economic sectors.

Nujoma’s ability to unify a nation of three million people – through 10 ethnic and linguistic societies – won many fans.

In appreciation of his high achievement, the Namibi Parliament awarded him the official status of “Father Father of Namibia” in 2005. Many international decorations included the Lenin Peace Prize, the Indira Gandhi Peace Prize and the Ho Chi Minh Peace award.

In his last years, Nujoma disappeared from the spotlight, preferring instead spending time with his big family.

He is remembered because of his easy charm and his fixed condemnation – the father is not only for a family but an entire country.

Additional reports by Natasha Ghanima

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2025-02-09 04:44:00

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