US President Donald Trump prompted the new trade law regulating the emergency sanctions law to justify the punishment of the customs tariff for Canadian and Mexican imports and an additional duty of Chinese goods.

Trump Three separate executive orders On Saturday, the imposition of customs duties that were Criticize globally.

Here is what you need to know about Trump’s tariff and how the affected countries have taken revenge.

What is the Trump tariff plan?

It imposes a 10 percent bill on all imports from China and imposed 25 percent on goods from Mexico and Canada.

One of the exceptions of this is Canadian energy products, including oil, natural gas and electricity, on which taxes will be imposed by 10 percent.

The definitions do not come without exceptions, according to White House officials-and will even apply to the values ​​of Canadian imports of less than $ 800, and are currently free of fees.

Why Trump imposes these definitions?

Trump summoned the IEEPA Economic Forces Law (IEPA) to impose taxes, accusing the targeted countries of not carrying out enough to stop illegal immigration or drug trafficking to the United States.

The goal is to hold them accountable “the responsibility of their promises to stop illegal immigration and stop the toxic Fentian The White House said in a statement that other drugs are from flowing to our country.

This procedure makes Trump’s repeated campaign to impose a widespread tariff, a policy that he defends and believes to help generate revenues, protect American jobs and create leverage.

The word “tariff”, often joking Trump, ” The most beautiful word In the dictionary. “

Trump has repeatedly said that he wanted to see Canada become “State 51”, and in January at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, Trump called his northern neighbor to his country.

We have a tremendous deficit with Canada. We will not get it anymore. Trump said, annoying another way to avoid definitions.

As you know, I say: “You can always become a state. After that, if you are a state, we will not have a deficit. Trump said:

When do customs duties begin in this effect?

Customs tariff groups will start at 12:01 am EST (05:01 GMT) on Tuesday, according to Trump’s executive orders. But imports uploaded to a ship or on their final placing to cross before entering the United States before 12:01 am on Saturday will be exempted from duties.

The taxes will remain “until the crisis is reduced”, according to the White House, which has not provided any specific criteria required until it is raised.

How was Canada’s reaction to Trump’s tariff?

Punish Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has announced with caution that Ottawa will respond to an environment, which puts a 25 percent offer on imports of $ 155 billion in US imports.

Trudeau said these definitions will include American beer, wine and bourbon, as well as fruits and fruit juices, including orange juice from Trump’s state in Florida. Canada will also target goods including clothes, sports equipment and home appliances.

Trudo asked why Trump’s threat to a historical partnership in the United States and Canada, which he said was the most powerful world that he has ever witnessed.

According to the American government, Canada was the largest buyer of commodity in the country in 2022, representing 356.5 billion dollars in purchases. Estimate $ 2.7BN The value of goods and services crossed the border between the United States and Canada every day in 2023.

Trudeau said: “The measures I have taken today by the White House divided us from each other instead of combining us.” “We did not ask this, but we will not back down.”

Mark CarneyAmong the candidates to replace Trudeau as the next Prime Minister in Canada, to Trump’s tariff and said that Canada will be “united” and “standing to the fatwa”.

President Trump believes that we are worn out. He does not know Canadians.

We will defend our country. We will stand united. We will become stronger. together. pic.twitter.com/Xypitjuwkp

Markjcarney February 2, 2025

How was Mexico’s reaction to the Trump tariff?

On Saturday, Mexican President Claudia Shinbum ordered the retaliatory definitions in response to the definitions of all goods coming from Mexico.

In a lengthy post on X, Shinbom said that her government sought dialogue instead of confrontation with her highest commercial partner in the north, but Mexico was forced to respond alike.

“I ordered my economy minister to implement the plan B that we are working on, which includes customs and non -definition tariff measures in defense of the interests of Mexico,” published Shinbom, without specifying what will be targeted by its American government.

The United States is the most important foreign market in the far Mexico, and Mexico overcame 2023 over China as a better destination for American exports.

Mexico prepares a possible revenge tariff on imports from the United States, which ranges from five percent to 20 percent, on pork, cheese, fresh products, manufactured steel and aluminum, according to the familiar sources of the matter. They said that the auto industry will be exempt in the beginning.

Economy Minister Marcelo Eftrard said on X that Trump’s tariff was a “flagrant violation” of the United States and Cananga agreement.

“The Plan B is running,” said Ibrarard. “We will win!”

American exports to Mexico represented more than 322 billion dollars in 2023, and the statistical office data showed, while the United States imported more than $ 475 billion of Mexican products.

In office, Shinbom also refused to “slander” to claim the White House that drug gangs have an alliance with the Mexican government, the Trump administration used to justify the definitions.

What was China’s response to the definitions?

The Chinese government condemned the definitions and Trump asked that Beijing needed to eradicate the flow of fentanel, which is deadly philosophers, in the United States, while leaving the door open to talks with the United States that could avoid deepening the conflict.

Beijing will challenge the Trump tariff in the World Trade Organization (the World Trade Organization) – a symbolic gesture – and take “unlimited counter measures” in response to the tax, which comes into effect on Tuesday.

This response stopped the immediate escalation, which was the commercial appearance of China with Trump in his first term as a president and repeated the most measured language that Beijing used in recent weeks.

China’s logical response was marked by a contradiction to direct revenge and the hot language of Canada and Mexico.

The Chinese Ministry of Trade said in a statement that Trump’s move “is seriously violated” international trade rules, and urged the United States to “engage in Frank’s dialogue and enhance cooperation.”

Flighting a lawsuit to the World Trade Organization may give Beijing a victory in the correspondence by defending the trading system based on the rules called by the American departments on both sides. Beijing took the same step in a challenge to the definitions of up to 45 percent on Chinese -Chinese electric cars by the European Union.

At the same time, the Appeals of the World Trade Organization does not pose any immediate cost or threat to Washington.

The greatest reaction in China to Fntanil, a field that the administration of former US President Joe Biden urged Beijing to take strict measures to the chemicals of the Chinese ISIS chemicals required to manufacture the drug.

The Chinese Foreign Ministry said: “Ventanil is the problem of America,” said the Chinese Foreign Ministry. “The Chinese side has implemented a widespread cooperation to combat drugs with the United States and achieve great results.”

Has a similar tariff have been used by the United States in the past?

The closest parallel to Trump’s work was the use of the late President Richard Nixon for the IEEPA law, which was trading in 1917 with the enemy law, to impose a 10 percent American tariff in 1971 to stop the increasing imports amid a balance between the payment crisis after withdrawing the dollar from the gold standard.

The courts supported the work of Nixon, but Jennifer Hilman, a professor of trade law at Georgetown University and the former World Trade Appeals Judge, said that Trump’s actions may not fit the emergency.

The language of governance and reporting Nixon in IEPA indicates that there should be a causal relationship between emergency – fentanel and migrants – and treatment: global definitions in Canada, Mexico and China.

“At least for me, I don’t think there is such a relationship in this case,” Hilman said. “The customs tariff will not only be applied to fentanel, so there is no clear reason for a tariff on all” necessary “goods to deal with a problem with fentanel or migrants.

She added that the use of Nixon had a much clearer relationship between the level of imports and the value of the dollar.

What do experts say?

Economists say the definitions are likely to slow the economic growth of all parties, while they are likely to increase inflation.

“So far, the market has already besides Trump, but this is something that could change and the market can challenge it for the first time,” said Mark Malik, chief investment official at Cyber ​​Financial in the United States.

A new analysis by the Budget Laboratory at Yale University has led to possible damage to the American economy, saying that the average family will lose the equivalent of $ 1,170 of income from taxes.

Economist and former US Treasury Secretary, Lawrence Sames, said that the jobs in “the industrial heart will be lost as American producers cannot compete due to the high costs of inputs.”

Ali X said that Canada and Mexico will lose confidence in the United States and that the impact on the supply chain will be a “strategic gift” for China.

“Bigness does not win over time on the field or in the international arena,” said Samarz.