President Donald Trump was sworn in for the second time on January 20 as the 47th president of the United States, advancing an agenda largely predicted by his campaign promises.

“The golden age of America begins now,” Trump said, speaking from inside the US Capitol hall due to temperatures reaching below zero.

He promised to crack down on illegal immigration, increase domestic oil drilling, impose tariffs, eliminate federal targets on electric cars, declare that there are only two sexes assigned at birth, rename Alaska’s Mount Denali to Mount McKinley, and end diversity and equality programs. And inclusion. .

He said: “All of this will change starting today, and it will change very quickly.”

Trump appeared in the Capitol’s Emancipation Room shortly after his inaugural address, and attacked his familiar rivals, including the “unselected committee of political thugs” — a reference to the House committee that investigated the attack on the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021 and obtained a last time. – One-minute preemptive pardon from President Joe Biden. Trump rebuked two members of that committee, calling former Republican Congresswoman Liz Cheney a “crying lunatic” and saying former Republican Congressman Adam Kinzinger was “always crying.”

Below are fact-checks of Trump’s claims during his inaugural address followed by claims during his subsequent statements in the newsroom.

Do tariffs “enrich” the state that imposes them?

Defending his plan to enact tariffs, Trump said: “Instead of imposing taxes on our own citizens to enrich other countries, we will impose tariffs and taxes on foreign countries to enrich our own citizens.”

However, most economists do not agree that tariffs will “enrich” Americans, and real-life examples of tariffs working this way are rare. They said that consumers in countries that impose customs duties often suffer in these deals due to high prices.

“Tariffs artificially raise the cost of doing business, leading to lower overall economic output in the form of lower GDP, higher “The prices are artificially reduced and the goods sold are reduced.” . “For the consumer, this means a decrease in purchasing power.”

Tariffs also mean that producers pay more as the prices of materials used to manufacture products rise domestically. US producers can expect retaliatory tariffs, which could also raise prices for US consumers. Declining international competition also hurts consumers by allowing remaining producers to raise prices.

Was there a “mandate” for the Green New Deal?

Trump was misled when he said, “With my actions today, we will end the Green New Deal, and we will repeal the electric vehicle mandate.”

There is no “Green New Deal” in effect. Senator Edward Markey and Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, both Democrats, introduced a resolution in 2019 offering a broad vision for responding to climate change, but it never became law. After Biden became president, Congress passed legislation, including the Infrastructure and Jobs Investment Act and the Inflation Reduction Act, that advanced some climate policy goals. Trump cannot undo laws by executive order.

In 2024The Biden administration, building on a goal set in its first year, issued a rule that 56% of all new passenger cars and light trucks sold in the U.S. will be electric or hybrid by 2032.

Was there “record inflation” under Biden?

“Next, I will direct all members of my Cabinet to deploy the broad powers at their disposal to defeat record inflation and quickly reduce costs and prices,” Trump said.

The highest year-on-year inflation rate under Biden was about 9 percent in the summer of 2022. This was the highest in about 40 years.

The highest sustained inflation rates have been recorded in the United States on an annual basis In the seventies and early eightiesThe percentage of price increases sometimes ranged from 12 percent to 15 percent. For one year – 1946, after the United States won World War II – the overall inflation rate on an annual basis exceeded 18%.

Do countries send immigrants from prisons and mental institutions?

Trump repeated his campaign claim that people “from prisons and mental institutions… entered our country illegally from all over the world.”

However, there is no evidence that states are emptying their prisons, or that mental institutions are sending people to illegally immigrate to the United States.

Federal data show that immigration officials arrested about 108,000 noncitizens with criminal convictions (either in the U.S. or abroad) from fiscal years 2021 to 2024. This accounts for people stopped at and between ports of entry; Not everyone was allowed in.

Does China control the Panama Canal?

Trump, who has reiterated his goal of regaining control of the Panama Canal, was misled about the canal’s operation.

“Above all, China runs the Panama Canal,” Trump said.

This is not true.

The Republic of Panama has owned and operated the Panama Canal since December 31, 1999, when Panama took over its full operation.

The Panama Canal Authority, an independent government entity governed by 11-Member of the Board of Directorsmanages the waterway.

China has influence in the canal. Panama Ports Corporation – a subsidiary of Hong Kong-based Hutchison Ports – operates the ports of Balboa and Cristobal, which serve as the entry and exit routes to the canal. However, the final authority over the ports and the canal is held by it Panama Canal Authoritywhich is part of the Panamanian government.

How many people died during the construction of the Panama Canal?

Trump claimed that the United States “lost 38,000 lives” during its construction.

This is higher than the official death toll. Trump may have collected numbers from decades of efforts to build the canal, including efforts by the French starting in 1881.

“Over more than three decades, at least 25,000 workers died building the Panama Canal,” author Christopher Klein wrote in an article. 2023 History.com article.

We found similar numbers published in last Articles About the death toll recorded by the United States and the death toll of the French.

Have apple prices doubled under Biden?

In his second speech of the day, in the newsroom, Trump claimed, among other things, that apple prices had doubled under Biden.

Trump said: “How many times can you say the cost of an apple has doubled?” “I’m going to say it and hit him hard.”

Even at their peak, apples were not twice as expensive as they were when Biden took office in January 2021.

Apple prices today are almost the same as they were at the beginning and end of Biden’s term. Producer price index Show data. (This statistic is an index tied to 100, not a dollar and cents measurement.)

During Biden’s presidency, apple prices have risen, along with the prices of many grocery stores and other consumer products. But even at their short-lived peak, in February 2023, apple prices were about 1.4 times higher than when Biden took office, not twice that number.

Did Biden pardon 33 killers?

Referring to former President Biden, Trump said they “pardoned” 33 killers.

Two days before Christmas 2024, Biden He said He was commuting — not pardoning — the sentences of 37 of the 40 people facing federal death sentences for crimes such as killing police officers and military service members, killing people in bank robberies, or killing guards or prisoners in federal prisons.

By commuting their sentences, they will spend life in prison instead of facing the death penalty. Commutation is not the same as pardon. A mitigation The ruling reduces the sentence but does not erase the conviction. The pardon is the president’s pardon.

“Make no mistake: I condemn these murderers, I mourn for the victims of their despicable actions, and I ache for all the families who have suffered an unimaginable and irreparable loss,” Biden said in a statement issued on December 23, 2024. But he added: “I am more convinced than ever that we must stop using the death penalty at the federal level.”

Biden’s action committed to a moratorium on federal death sentences announced by his administration in 2021.